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O prošlosti grada Paga

 

 

Boraveći na Pagu 1773. godine putopisac Alberto Fortis (Alberto Fortis „Viagghio di Dalmazia“) je, među ostalim zapisao: „Podneblje otoka je isto kao na Morlačkoj gori (Velebit, op. a.) i morskoj obali u njenom podnožju. Zima je strahovito hladna, a ljeto užasno vruće. Olujno more bijesno udara u kamenitu obalu otoka nasuprot planini; s te su strane vrhovi i padine brjegova pusti zbog vjetra, tako da na njima nema ni šume, ni pašnjaka, ni njiva, osim na nekoliko mjesta; nego strašno golo kamenje, pusto i nenaseljeno, pokriva gotovo svu površinu.“

Fortis nadalje navodi kako su stanovnici često napuštali otok i tome se ne čudi.

„I zaista, treba se čuditi kako su se ljudi ikad mogli odlučiti da se nasele u tako ubogu kraju,“ zaključuje Fortis.

Pa ipak, usprkos Fortisovom čuđenju, život na otoku Pagu je žilav, opstao je tisućljećima, a nekada ubogi kraj, kako ga Fortis naziva, postao je u kasnijim vremenima otok s nizom lijepih naselja, pogodan za život ne samo domaćeg stanovništva nego i za odmor stranaca.

Karta Paga iz 15. st. Karta Paške uvale M. L. Ruića Grb grada Paga iz 14. stoljeća

 

 

 

Pag je naseljen još u neolitskom dobu, a u željeznom dobu naselili su ga pripadnici

Ilirskog plemena Liburni.

„Liburni su u razdoblju svojeg najvećeg uspona od 9. do 4. stoljeća pr. n. e. vladali ovim dijelom istočne jadranske obale. Teško su odolijevali nadiranju Grka u Jadransko more tijekom 7. i 6. stoljeća pr. n. e., u vrijeme osvajanja kolonija u južnoj Italiji“, navodi prof. Aleksij Škunca. („Pregled antike otoka Paga“).

Iza Liburna nije ostalo previše materijalnih tragova, tek ostaci utvrđenja i nekropola nedaleko Kolana, u Mihovilju kod Novalje, u Dabovu i Vidasovu kantu te kod Košljuna. No, iza njih je ipak ostalo nešto što je za Pag od neprocjenjive važnosti- na otok su donijeli ovce i ovčarstvo i prvi započeli proizvodnju ovčjeg mlijeka, sira i janječeg mesa. Znatno više materijalnih tragova na otoku su ostavili Rimljani.

 

 

„Važnost otoka Paga, njegov strateški položaj, njegove zaštićene luke uočili su i rimski osvajači, pod čiji je utjecaj i vlast došla sva Liburnija god 33. pr. n. e. Rimljani šire i učvršćuju svoju vlast te je tokom 1. stoljeća i otok Pag vjerojatno služio kao pomorsko uporište za pomorska osvajanja“, navodi prof. Aleksej Škunca.

Rimljani su na Pagu izgradili nekoliko naselja, vila i utvrđenja. Najveći grad bio je Kissa (Cissa, Caska, Časka). Kissa je u većem dijelu srušena potresom u 7. stoljeću, a na ostacima na kopnu izraslo je novo naselje. Veća rimska naselja na otoku bila su Navalia (Novalja), utvrda Košljun kod Novaljskog polja, Svetojašnica na Zaglavi, rimska vila u Staroj Povljani, manje naselje u Tovarnelama i Pagus (pagus-selo, za razliku od castruma Kisse), naselje na središnjem dijelu otoka.

Hrvati su s naseljavanjem otoka počeli u 7. stoljeću i to s njegove južne strane, gdje su se utvrdili oko Vlašića i oko Stare Vase-jedinog otočnog mjesta koje je zadržalo izvorno staroslavensko ime. S vremenom su se proširili na cijeli otok, a kao svoje glavno mjesto odabrali su Kissu i luku Novalis. Potisnuli su romansko i ilirsko stanovništvo, a Iliri su se uspjeli održati samo u selu Gorica. Do Srednjeg vijeka otok se nazivao Kissa, po tada glavnom otočnom mjestu, o čemu svjedoči Plinije I, a kasnije i Konstantin Porfirogenet. Kralj Petar Krešimir IV je 1071. godine darovao sjeverni dio otoka rapskoj crkvi, dok je južni dio otoka pripao Zadru, čime su stvoreni temelji mnogih kasnijih teških i često krvavih sukoba koji su osobito inzenzivni bili u 13. i 14. stoljeću.

Pomorska karta Paga, Rosaccio 1606. godine

 

Nakon što su 1204. godine Zadrani razorili Kissu njenu gospodarsku i političku ulogu preuzeo je Pagus što je bio početak razvoja suvremenog grada Paga. Srednjovjekovni Pag je nastao u blizini solana, na mjestu na kojem se danas nalazi arheološko područje Stari grad (Terra Vechia).

 

M. L. Ruić, stari grad Pag (Terra Vechia)

 

Kralj Bela IV je 1244. godine podario Pagu status Slobodnoga kraljevskoga grada. Pažani su tijekom 13. i 14. stoljeća bili ustrajni u želji za dobivanjem autonomije, zbog čega su često izbijali sukobi sa Zadrom. Nakon velike pobune protiv Zadra kralj Ludovik I je 1376. godine Pagu priznao potpunu autonomiju, međutim sukobi sa Zadrom su se i usprkos tome nastavili i to sve jačim intenzitetom. Najteža se bitka dogodila 24. ožujka 1393. godine kada je Pag razoren, a stanovništvo poubijano ili okrutno mučeno. Pag je Veneciji bio važan zbog solana, a nalazio se na strateški lošoj poziciji, bez jačih utvrda osim oko castruma na brijegu, pa se počelo razmišljati o preseljenju grada na sigurniji lokalitet. U prvoj je varijanti novi grad trebalo izgraditi u Košljunu koji je imao dobru luku u koju su trgovački brodovi mogli lako i sigurno uplovljavati što bi ubrzalo trgovinu soli. No iz Košljuna se nije moglo dobro kontrolirati solane pa je ta varinjanta otpala. Tako je na koncu odlučeno da se novi Pag izgradi u luci Katena, na mjestu na kojem se i danas nalazi. Gradnja novog grada Paga počela je 18. svibnja 1443. godine, a u njega su se Pažani preselili 28. rujna 1474. godine. Novi grad Pag je bio utvrđen zidinama i kulama, a arhitektonski je slijedio načela urbanizma antičke tradicije mediteranskog pojasa. Mnogi izradu tlocrta grada Paga u cijelosti ili dijelom pripisuju Jurju Matejevu Dalmatincu. Na paškim građevinama zamjećuju se gotika i barok, a ponegdje je vidljiv i utjecaj renesanse. Bolji strateški položaj i snažne fortifikacije omogućili su Pažanima miran i siguran život, razvoj proizvodnje soli, vina, meda, mesa, sira i vune pa se pojačala i trgovina. Zbog toga je Pag u 15. i 16. stojeću doživio gospodarski i kulturni procvat, te se u to vrijeme bilježi vrlo jak mehanički priliv stanovnika.

U 19. stoljeću Pag su tri puta pogodile epidemije tifusa i kuge koje su odnijele živote oko 700 Pažana. Da bi se spriječile nove pogubne epidemije 1855. godine su srušene zidine i kule kako bi se u gradskoj jezgri omogućilo sloobodnije strujanje zraka. Od kula ostala je sačuvana samo kula Skrivanat, a od zidina dijelovi na rivi, na Katinama (Muraja) i na Vangradima.

Nakon pada Venecije 1797. godine Pag je nakratko bio pod francuskom upravom, a nakon toga je postao dijelom Austrougarske monarhije. U 19. stoljeću u Pagu se intenzivirao društveni i politički život, a početak 20. stoljeća Pag je dočekao kao grad bogate tradicije, izgrađene političke strukture i znatno bogatiji od ostalih otočnih naselja. U Pagu su živjeli plemići, intelektualci, državni i gradski službenici, zanatlije (obrtnici), težaci, ribari, ovčari, trgovci i pomorci. Nakon Prvog svjetskog rata (1914.-1918.) u Pagu je osnovano niz udruga (glazbenih, sportskih, kulturnih), izgrađen je vodovod, kanalizacija, a pojavila se i do tada na otoku posve nepoznata gospodarska grana-turizam. U kratko vrijeme otvorena su tri hotela (hotel „Rakamarić“, hotel „Velebit“ i hotel „Jure Paro“). Prvi turistički prospekt Paga tiskan je 1929., a drugi 1936. godine. Gospodarski razvoj Paga zaustavio je Drugi svjetski rat (1941.- 1945.). Za trajanja rata Pag je pripadao Nezavisnoj državi Hrvatskoj, a nakon završetka rata 1945. godine postao je dio Federativne Narodne Republike Jugoslavije (kasnije SFRJ) u čijem je sastavu ostao do osamostaljena Hrvatske 1990. godine. Koncem pedesetih i početkom šezdesetih godina 20. stoljeća ponovno se počeo razvijati turizam koji je u narednim godinama postao središnja gospodarska grana, a grad se urbano proširio izvan povijesne gradske jezgre. Pag je 21. stoljeće dočekao kao dio Zadarske županije i kao središte administrativne jedinice Grad Pag u kojem se, osim Paga, nalaze i naselja Gorica, Vrčići, Stara Vas, Vlašići, Dinjiška, Miškovići, Smokvica, Košljun i Šimuni. U Pagu se stoljećima izrađuje paška čipka, najpoznatiji nacionalni čipkarski proizvod, a nacionalnu suvenirsku kategorizaciju ima i tradicionalna paška narodna nošnja. Paški ovčari proizvode paški sir koji je jedan od najpoznatijih autentičnih nacionalnih sireva, a kojeg su još u 4. stoljeću pr. n. e. na Pagu počeli raditi Liburni. /Iz knjige J. Portada, "Prošlost Paga u slikama i zapisma"/

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pag danas

 

 

 

 

Grad Pag je administrativna jedinica koja obuhvaća mjesta Miškovići, Dinjiška, Vlašići, Smokvica, Stara Vas, Vrčići, Gorica, Pag, Košljun, Šimuni, Dubravu, Sveti Marko i Svetu Mariju. Središnje mjesto administrativne jedinice Grad Pag je mjesto Pag u kojem se nalazi sjedište Gradskog vijeća i Gradskog poglavarstva. Glavne gospodarske grane u Gradu Pagu su turizam i stočarstvo (proizvodnja sira i janjećeg mesa).

 

 

 

 

Panorama grada Paga Zborna crkva iz 15. st. Paški most izgrađen 1968. godine Kula Skrivanat iz 15. st.

 

 

Na području Grada Paga 1037 se osoba bavi pružanjem ugostiteljskih usluga u domaćinstvu, 127 je obrtnika ili poduzeća koji obavljaju ugostiteljsku djelatnost u objektima koji se ne kategoriziraju, kao što su caffe barovi, buffeti, bistroi, gostionice i konobe, 56 je obrtnika ili poduzeća koja se bave ugostiteljskom djelatnošću u objektima koji se kategoriziraju, a to su sobe, apartmani, hoteli i pansioni, te je deset obrtnika ili poduzeća koji su registrirani za obavljanje poslova putničke agencije.

 

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About the past the town of Pag

 

 

 

Staying on the island of Pag 1773. the travel writer Alberto Fortis (Alberto Fortis "Viagghio di Dalmazia"), among others wrote: "This region of the island is the same as the Morlacka Mount (Velebit, op. a) and coast in its foot. Winter is terribly cold, and terribly hot summer. Severe shock more madly in rocky shores of the island opposite the mountain, and with the side peaks and slopes brjegova released because of the wind, so to them there is no forest or pasture, or field, except at a few places, but awful naked stones, empty and uninhabited , covering almost all surface. "

Fortis further alleges that residents were often left the island and it is not surprising.

"And really, should be surprised that people were ever to decide to settle in the poor end," says Fortis.

However, despite Fortisovom surprise, life on the island of Pag is the wiry, survive the millennia, and sometimes miserable end, that Fortis ga called, became in later times the island with a number of beautiful villages, suitable for life, not only local but also for holiday foreigners.

Pag is settled in the neolithic age, and Iron Age periods are settled ga members

Illyrian tribes Liburnians.

"Liburians in the period of its biggest climb of the 9th to 4 century BC. n. e. ruled this part of the eastern Adriatic coast. There was difficult to advance the Greeks in the Adriatic Sea during the 7th and 6 century BC. n. e., at the time of the seizure of colonies in southern Italy, "says prof. Aleksija Škunca. ( "Overview of antiquity the island of Pag).

Behind Liburna not rest too much material traces, only the remains of fortifications and a necropolis near Kolane in Mihovilju in Novalja, the Dabovu and Vidasovu Kantu and at Košljun. But behind them is still something else that is Pag imperative "on the island were brought sheep and sheep breeding, and first began producing sheep milk cheese and lamb meat. Considerably more material traces on the island were the Romans left.

 

 

"The importance of the island of Pag, its strategic position, its protected harbor and noticed the Roman conquerors, under whose influence and power came all Liburnija 33rd yr pr. n. e. Romans spread and reinforced his authority and during the 1st century and the island of Pag probably served as a base for maritime naval conquest, "says prof. Aleksej Škunca.

Romans on Pagu built several resorts, villas and fortifications. The largest town was the Kissa (Cissa, Caska, Caska). Kissa is heavily destroyed in the earthquake 7th century, and the remnants of the land has a new settlement. Larger Roman settlement on the island were Navalia (Novalja), fort Kosljun in Novalja field, Svetojašnica on Zaglav, a Roman villa in the Old Povljane, a small settlement in Tovarnelama and Pagus (Pagus village, unlike castrum Kissa), a village in the central part of island.

Croats were settled with the island began in the 7th century, with its southern side, where they found about Vlasic and around Old Vase-only island town that has retained its original Old Slavonic name. Over time they expanded to the whole island, as your principal place selected Kiss and port novalis. Suppress the Roman and the Illyrian population, and the ridges are able to maintain only in the village of Gorica. Until the Middle Ages the island is called Kiss, by then the main island town, which is witnessed by Pliny and, later, and already by Constantine Porphyrogenitus. King Petar Kresimir IV 1071st was donated to the northern part of the island of Rab church, while the southern part of the island belonged to Zadar, which are created based many subsequent severe and often bloody conflict, which are particularly inzenzivni were in 13th and 14 century.

 

 

After the 1204. when the Zadar destroyed Kissa its economic and political role assumed Pagus which was the beginning of the modern town of Pag. Medieval Pag is created in the nearby salt works, the place where it is today is the archaeological area of Old Town (Terra Vechia).

 

M. L. Ruić: Old town of Pag (Terra Vechia)

 

King Bela IV 1244. given to Pag the status of free royal town. Cytizens of Pag during the 13th and 14 century were true to the desire for gaining autonomy, which is why conflicts often erupted with Zadar. After the great rebellion against the king Ludovik Zadar and the 1376.  Pag admitted complete autonomy, however, conflicts with the Zadar and despite that continued to the strong intensity. The toughest battle occurred 24th March 1393rd year when the Pag destroyed, and people have been killed or cruelly tortured. Pag is Venice was important because of salt-and is on the bad strategic position, without the heavy fortifications except about castrum on the hill, and began to think about the city to a safer site. In the first variation of the new city be built in Košljun who had a good port to which the merchant ships could easily and safely uplovljavati which would expedite the trade of salt. But from Košljun could not control the salt works well, so that varinjanta planned. Thus in the end decided to build a new Pag catena in the port, the place where it is located today. The construction of the new town of Pag started 18th May 1443., and finished 1474. New Pag was defined by walls and towers, and followed the architectural principles of ancient urban tradition of the Mediterranean belt. Many of the production plan the town of Pag, in whole or in part attributed to George Matthew of history. At Pag buildings are Gothic and Baroque, and sometimes visible, and the influence of the Renaissance. Better strategic position and strong fortifications enabled peaceful and secure life, the development of production of salt, wine, honey, meat, cheese and wool, and the amplifiers and trade. Therefore, it is of Pag in the 15th and 16 century experienced economic and cultural boom, and in that time recorded a very strong mechanical influx of residents.

In the 19th Pag century were three times hit Typhoid epidemics. In order to prevent a new disastrous epidemic in 1855. the walls were destroyed for air circulation. Since the tower has remained preserved only Skrivanat tower, and from the walls of the waterfront, on Katina (Muraja) and on Vangrada.

After the fall of Venice in 1797. the Pag is briefly came under French administration, and then became part of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. In the 19th century in the Pagu intensified social and political life, and early 20th c. Pag is welcomed as a city of rich tradition, built a political structure, and much richer than other island resorts. In Pag dwelt noblemen, intellectuals, civil and municipal servants, tradespeople (craftsmen), laborers, fishermen, shepards, merchants and seamen. After the First World War (1914.-1918.) Pag in the established range of associations (music, sports, cultural), was built in water, sewage, and appeared to then on the island completely unknown industry-tourism. In a short time opened three hotels (Hotel RAKAMARIĆ, hotel "Velebit, hotel "Jure Paro"). The first brochure was printed in Pag 1929., and the second in 1936.  Economic Development Pag stopped the Second World War (1941 .- 1945.). For the duration of the war Pag belonged to the Independent State Croatia, and after the war ended in 1945. he became part of the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia (later Yugoslavia) in which the composition remained fledged from Croatia in 1990. year. Late fifties and early sixties of the 20th c. again started to develop tourism, which is in the coming years become a central field, a city urban spread outside the historical city. Pag is 21 c. welcomed as part of the Zadar County and as the administrative center of the town Pag that is, except the island of Pag, as well as the village of Gorica, Vrčić, Stara Vas, Vlašići, Dinjiska, Miskovici, Smokvica, Kosljun and simultaneously. In Pag being elaborated Pag lace, the best known national lacework with national suvenier categorization has paska and traditional folk costumes. Pag shepards cheese products, which is one of the most authentic ethnic cheeses, and you are still in 4th century BC. n. e. Pag started working Liburnians.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pag today

 

Pag is the administrative unit which includes positions Miskovici, Dinjiska, Pleiades, Smokvica, Stara Vas, Vrčić, Gorica, Pag, Košljun simultaneously, Dubrava, St. Mark and St. Mary. The central place of the administrative units of Pag is the town of Pag which is the seat of the City Council and City Councilors. Main economic activities in the town of Pag, the tourism and livestock farming (production of cheese and lamb meat).

 

 

 

The town of Pag 1037 a person engaged in providing catering services in the household, the 127 craftsmen or companies who perform work in the hospitality facilities which are not categorized, such as coffee bars, buffets, bistros, inns and taverns, 56 is a craftsman or company that dealing with business in catering facilities, which are categorized, such as rooms, apartments, hotels and pensions, and ten of craftsmen or companies who have registered for the travel agencies.

About the island of Pag

Satellite image of the island of Pag

The island of Pag with a surface area of 284,6 km 2 and the fifth largest island in the Adriatic, according to data UI Zagreb and most developed is because it has


coast length 269.2 km. On the island according to the census of 1991. The lives 8 398 inhabitants, but the number is considerably higher (an assumption about 12 000). Since 1968. year, when he built Pag bridge, the island of Pag is over Ljubačkih gate connected to the mainland, and in 1991. The construction of the so-called. fast ferry connection Prizna - Žigljen. The island is administratively divided into two counties, Lika - Senj and Zadar and four local governments, county Povljana, City of Pag, Kolan municipality and town Novalja. Novalja is situated in Lika - Senj County and Township Kolan, Pag Town and Township Povljana in Zadar County. Boundaries between the two counties through the middle of main roads in the apartment complex Gajac. The island belongs to the group of islands of Kvarner, the Pag bridge the border between Dalmatia and Kvarner (Littoral). To the north, northeast and east side of the island is located Velebit channel, and on the south side of waters of Pag is connected to the Virsko sea. To the maximum extent the island's rocky surface covered with vegetation very sparingly. More vegetation there is in the central and western part of the island, near simultaneously, next to Novalja and from places Varsan to Tovarnele. Pag there are three lakes of which two are County, Velo blato i Malo blato (at Povljane) and Blato rogoza (at Kolane). West of the town has a protected nature park Dubrava - Hanzine. In the central part of the island of Pag is situated by the bay to 18 century was called the salt lake (A. Fortis).
 
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